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The cabal-install package provides the cabal
command-line tool which simplifies the process of managing Haskell softwareby automating the fetching, configuration, compilation and installation of Haskell libraries and programs.Those packages must be prepared using Cabal and should be present at Hackage.
As of 2020-03-15 this page is out of date. Cabal-install 3.0 switched to the v2-* class of commands, while this guide still refers to the v1-ones. See https://cabal.readthedocs.io/en/latest/nix-local-build-overview.html for more info.
- 1Usage
- 1.3The cabal-install configuration file
- 2Installation
- 4FAQ
Usage
Installing a package
Once you have the tool installed, installing other packages is easy. The first thing to do is to give the command:
This will download the most recent list of packages; this must be done from time to time, to get the latest version of each package, when installing.
It is advisable to use a sandbox, to prevent version incompatibility with earlier installed packages. To initiate a sandbox, give command:
To install Cabal packages from Hackage use:
Other common variations:
One thing to be especially aware of, is that the packages are installed locally by default, whereas the commands
install globally by default. If you install a package globally, the local packages are ignored. The default for cabal-install can be modified by editing the configuration file.
Help about cabal-install can be obtained by giving commands like:
Commands
Usage:
or:
Global flags:
Commands:
For more information about a command use:
To install Cabal packages from Hackage, use:
If --dry-run
is specified, the packages are not installed, but a list of packages to install is given.
Occasionally you need to update the list of available packages:
The cabal-install configuration file
You can edit the cabal configuration file to set defaults, for *nix based systems this is:
The config file on a Windows system is
Things to put in the config file
To turn on --global by default:
The root-cmd configuration parameter can be used to automatically run cabal-install with root privileges on *nix based systems, when needed:
Installation
If you have the Haskell Platform installed, you already have cabal-install; no further action is needed.
Windows
Get a pre-built cabal.exe
from:
You must put the cabal.exe
in a directory that is on your %PATH%
, for example C:Program FilesHaskellbin
.
Unix
Download the latest cabal-install tarball from:
It includes a shell script bootstrap.sh
that you can run to download and install the other dependencies.
Note this assumes you have the zlib C library and its header files installed. Those header files are usually in a native system package like zlib-devel
(On debian-based systems it is zlib1g-dev
). You should also have the Haskell packages parsec
and network
installed. If you installed GHC via your native system package manager then you may also need to use it to install these two packages. (On debian-based systems they are called libghc6-parsec-dev
and libghc6-network-dev
.)
If this completes successfully you will have the cabal binary in ~/.cabal/bin
. You should either add this directory to your $PATH
or copy the cabal program to some location that is on your $PATH
, eg ~/bin
.
to get the current list of package from Hackage you should now run:
By default the cabal tool will install programs in ~/.cabal/bin
. If you decided not to put this directory on your $PATH
then you can get cabal to symlink binaries into another directory, eg ~/bin
. To use this feature edit ~/.cabal/config
and see the symlink-bindir field
. Note that the ~/.cabal/config
file is not created until you run a cabal command for the first time, eg cabal update
.
Error reporting
Errors in cabal-install can be reported atthe GitHub Cabal issues page
Cabal Server Status
FAQ
I just installed packages, but now the packages are not found
This happens when you install a package globally, and the previous packages were installed locally. Note that cabal-install install locally by default and the 'runhaskell Setup' commands install globally by default.
How can I uninstall packages?
There is no 'cabal uninstall' command. You can only unregister packages with ghc-pkg:
See also
- The Cabal page on GitHub.
- The Cabal of Cabal, the undocumented or obscure artifices and intrigues of Cabal.
- Hack-Nix alternative based on the Nix package manager.
- Capri a wrapper over cabal-install and ghc-pkg to operate in project-private mode; similar to Hack-Nix but does not involve any extra software..
This extension adds language support for Haskell, powered by the Haskell Language Server.
Features
Warning and error diagnostics from GHC
Type information and documentation on hover
Jump to definition
Document symbols
Highlight references in document
Code completion
Formatting via Brittany, Floskell, Ormolu or Stylish Haskell
Multi-root workspace support
Code evaluation (Haskell Language Server)
Requirements
- For standalone
.hs
/.lhs
files, ghc must be installed and on the PATH. The easiest way to install it is with ghcup or Chocolatey on Windows. - For Cabal based projects, both ghc and cabal-install must be installed and on the PATH. It can also be installed with ghcup or Chocolatey on Windows.
- For Stack based projects, stack must be installed and on the PATH.
Language Servers
Whilst this extension is powered by the Haskell Language Server by default, it also supports several others which can be manually installed:
- Haskell Language Server: This is the default language server which will automatically be downloaded, so it does not need manual installation. It builds upon ghcide by providing extra plugins and features.
- ghcide: A fast and reliable LSP server with support for basic features.
- Haskell IDE Engine: A legacy language server, you probably shouldn't use this one. Haskell Language Server replaces it instead.
You can choose which language server to use from the 'Haskell > Language Server Variant' configuration option.
Configuration options
Path to server executable executable
If your server is manually installed and not on your path, you can also manually set the path to the executable.
There are a few placeholders which will be expanded:
~
,${HOME}
and${home}
will be expanded into your users' home folder.${workspaceFolder}
and${workspaceRoot}
will expand into your current project root.
Haskell Language Server specifics
Local documentation
Haskell Language Server can display Haddock documentation on hover and completions if the project andits dependencies have been built with the -haddock
GHC flag.
For cabal:
- Add to your global config file (e.g.
~/.cabal/config
): - Or, for a single project, run
cabal configure --ghc-options=-haddock
- Add to your global config file (e.g.
For stack, add to global
$STACK_ROOTconfig.yaml
, or project'sstack.yaml
:Note that this flag will cause compilation errors if a dependency contains invalid Haddock markup,until GHC 8.12 which will report warningsinstead.
Downloaded binaries
This extension will download haskell-language-server
binaries to a specific location depending on your system. If you find yourself running out of disk space, you can try deleting old versions of language servers in this directory. The extension will redownload them, no strings attached.
Platform | Path |
---|---|
macOS | ~/Library/Application Support/Code/User/globalStorage/haskell.haskell/ |
Windows | %APPDATA%CodeUserglobalStoragehaskell.haskell |
Linux | $HOME/.config/Code/User/globalStorage/haskell.haskell |
Note that if haskell-language-server-wrapper
/haskell-language-server
is already on the PATH, then the extension will launch it directly instead of downloading binaries.
Supported GHC versions
These are the versions of GHC that there are binaries of haskell-language-server
for. Building from source may support more versions!
GHC | Linux | macOS | Windows |
---|---|---|---|
8.10.2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
8.10.1 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
8.8.4 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
8.8.3 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
8.8.2 | ✓ | ✓ | |
8.6.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
8.6.4 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Using multi-root workspaces
First, check out what multi-root workspaces are. The idea of using multi-root workspaces, is to be able to work on several different Haskell projects, where the GHC version or stackage LTS could differ, and have it work smoothly.
The language server is now started for each workspace folder you have in your multi-root workspace, and several configurations are on a resource (i.e. folder) scope, instead of window (i.e. global) scope.
Investigating and reporting problems
- Go to extensions and right click
Haskell
and chooseConfigure Extensions Settings
- Scroll down to
Language Server Haskell › Trace: Server
and set it toverbose
- Restart vscode and reproduce your problem
- Go to the main menu and choose
View -> Output
(Ctrl + Shift + U
) - On the new Output panel that opens on the right side in the drop down menu choose
Haskell
Please include the output when filing any issues on the relevant language server's issue tracker.
Cabal Server Files Extension
Troubleshooting
- Sometimes the language server might get stuck in a rut and stop responding to your latest changes.Should this occur you can try restarting the language server with Ctrl shift P/⌘ shift P > Restart Haskell LSP Server.
- Usually the error or unexpected behaviour is already reported in the haskell language server used by the extension. Finding the issue in its issue tracker could be useful to help resolve it. Sometimes even it includes a workaround for the issue.
- Haskell language servers issue trackers:
- haskell-language-server: https://github.com/haskell/haskell-language-server/issues
- ghcide: https://github.com/haskell/ghcide/issues
- Common issues:
- For now, the extension is not able to open a single haskell source file. You need to open a workspace or folder, configured to be built with cabal, stack or other hie-bios compatible program.
- Check you don't have other haskell extensions active, they can interfere with each other.
Contributing
If you want to help, get started by reading Contributing for more details.
Release Notes
Cabal Private Server Files
See the Changelog for more details.